为探索干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地的生态修复方式，设置砂-土-有机肥（体积比2∶1∶1）、砂-土-复合肥（体积比2∶1∶1）、砂-土（体积比2∶1）、土-有机肥（体积比9∶1）4种土壤基质及柠条锦鸡儿（Caragana korshinskii Kom.）、细枝羊柴〔Corethrodendron scoparium （Fisch. et C. A. Mey.） Fisch. et Basiner〕、四翼滨藜〔Atriplex canescens （Pursh） Nutt.〕、沙拐枣（Calligonum mongolicum Turcz.）、蒙古莸（Caryopteris mongholica Bunge）、白刺（Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov）、短穗柽柳（Tamarix laxa Willd.）7种修复植物，对土壤理化性质及植物生长指标、叶片光合和叶绿素荧光指标进行比较，并利用主成分分析筛选最佳生态修复模式。结果显示：不同土壤基质方面，砂-土-有机肥的pH值、有机质含量和有效磷含量最高，土-有机肥的含水量、电导率和速效钾含量最高；砂-土-有机肥中四翼滨藜的新生枝月相对生长速率最高，砂-土-复合肥中四翼滨藜的株高和树冠面积最大；土-有机肥中四翼滨藜叶片的光补偿点最高但光饱和点和最大光合速率最低，砂-土-有机肥中四翼滨藜叶片的净光合速率、非光化学猝灭系数和最大光量子产量基本上显著（P＜0.05）高于其他土壤基质；主成分分析筛选出的最优土壤基质为砂-土-有机肥。不同修复植物方面，短穗柽柳根际土壤的pH值、有机质含量、碱解氮含量和有效磷含量最高，柠条锦鸡儿根际土壤的电导率和速效钾含量最高；四翼滨藜的新生枝月相对生长速率显著高于其他植物；沙拐枣叶片的暗呼吸速率、光补偿点和最大光量子产量基本上显著高于其他植物，白刺叶片的表观量子效率显著高于其他植物，柠条锦鸡儿叶片的光饱和点最高且实际光量子产量和表观电子传递速率整体上显著高于其他植物，四翼滨藜叶片的最大光合速率和净光合速率基本上显著高于其他植物，细枝羊柴叶片的蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度整体上显著高于其他植物，短穗柽柳叶片的气孔导度显著高于其他植物，蒙古莸叶片的非光化学猝灭系数整体上显著高于其他植物；主成分分析筛选出的最优修复植物为短穗柽柳。综合分析得出，在砂-土-有机肥中种植短穗柽柳可对宁夏干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地进行有效生态修复。
To explore ecological restoration methods for wasteland of limestone mine sites in arid region, four soil substrates viz. sand-soil-organic fertilizer （volume ratio of 2∶1∶1）, sand-soil-compound fertilizer （volume ratio of 2∶1∶1）, sand-soil （volume ratio of 2∶1）, and soil-organic fertilizer （volume ratio of 9∶1） and seven restorative plants viz. Caragana korshinskii Kom., Corethrodendron scoparium （Fisch. et C. A. Mey.） Fisch. et Basiner, Atriplex canescens （Pursh） Nutt., Calligonum mongolicum Turcz., Caryopteris mongholica Bunge, Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov, and Tamarix laxa Willd. were established. The soil physicochemical properties and plant growth indexes, leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence indexes were compared. Moreover, principal component analysis was employed to screen the optimal ecological restoration model. The results indicate that, among different soil substrates, the sand-soil-organic fertilizer exhibits the highest pH value, organic matter content, and available phosphorus content, and the soil-organic fertilizer exhibits the highest water content, electric conductivity, and available potassium content; the monthly relative growth rate of new shoots of A. canescens is the highest in the sand-soil-organic fertilizer, while the height and canopy area of A. canescens are the highest in the sand-soil-compound fertilizer; the light compensation point is the highest, while the light saturation point and maximum photosynthetic rate are the lowest of A. canescens leaves in the soil-organic fertilizer; the net photosynthetic rate, non-photochemical quenching coefficient, and maximum light quantum yield of A. canescens leaves in the sand-soil-organic fertilizer are significantly （P<0.05） higher than those in the other soil substrates; the principal component analysis result indicates that the sand-soil-organic fertilizer is the optimal soil substrate. Among different restorative plants, the pH value, organic matter content, alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen content, and available phosphorus content are the highest in the rhizosphere soil of T. laxa, and the electric conductivity and available potassium content are the highest in the rhizosphere soil of C. korshinskii; the monthly relative growth rate of new shoots of A. canescens is significantly higher than that of the other plants; the dark respiration rate, light compensation point, and maximum light quantum yield of C. mongolicum leaves are significantly higher than those of the other plants in general, and the apparent quantum efficiency of N. tangutorum leaves is significantly higher than that of the other plants; C. korshinskii leaves have the highest light saturation point, and their actual light quantum yield and apparent electron transport rate are significantly higher than those of the other plants in general; the maximum photosynthetic rate and net photosynthetic rate of A. canescens leaves are significantly higher than those of the other plants in general; the transpiration rate and intercellular CO2 concentration of C. scoparium leaves are significantly higher than those of the other plants in general, the stomatal conductance of T. laxa leaves is significantly higher than that of the other plants, and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient of C. mongholica leaves is significantly higher than that of the other plants in general; the principal component analysis indicates that T. laxa is the optimal restorative plant. A comprehensive analysis suggests that planting T. laxa in sand-soil-organic fertilizer can effectively facilitate ecological restoration of wasteland of limestone mine sites in arid region of Ningxia.