半干旱区作为全球陆地的重要组成部分,在全球气候变化过程中发挥着不可忽视的作用。现代气候变化过程中,半干旱区受局地人类活动影响显著,表现出百年尺度的面积扩张及年代际的干湿周期变化。归纳近年来国内外全球半干旱区气候变化的研究成果,对以往半干旱区主要陆面观测计划进行回顾,重点分类总结陆气相互作用在半干旱气候变化过程中发挥的作用;包括半干旱区陆气相互作用中的能量循环、水循环和碳循环等变化特征,以及模式对半干旱区陆气特征的历史模拟和未来预测。随着半干旱区干旱化的加剧,未来的局地陆气相互作用将出现新的变化特征,需要进一步加强对半干旱区陆气相互作用机制的认识,从多方向推进半干旱区陆气相互作用对区域气候影响的研究。
The semi-arid region, as a key part of global land, plays an important role in climate change. In the process of modern climate change, the semi-arid region is significantly affected by local human activities, showing remarkable expansion and obvious decadal variations. In this paper, we summarized the studies of the land-atmosphere interaction in the semi-arid regions in recent years, and major land surface observation plans. We put emphasis on energy balance, water cycle, carbon cycle in land-atmosphere interaction of climate change, and their performance in historical simulation and future prediction. The prediction results illustrate that new character of land-atmosphere interaction will appear as the drying of drylands in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the understanding of land-atmosphere interaction and move forward energetically on research in regional climate from different aspects.