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1、 The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earths axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole. 南极，也被称为南极或地球
2、的南极，是一个点，在地球的旋转轴相交的表面。它是地球表面的最南端，是在地球的另一端从北极。 Situated on the continent of Antarctica, it is the site of the United States Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, which was established in 1956 and has been permanently staffed since that year. The Geographic South Pole should not be confused with the Sout
3、h Magnetic Pole, which though geographically nearby, is defined based on the Earths magnetic field. 位于南极大陆，这是美国阿蒙森-史葛南极站网站，成立于1956，已被永久配备自那年。地理南极不应与南磁极的困惑，虽然地理上邻近，是基于地球磁场的定义。Geography For most purposes, the Geographic South Pole is defined as the southern point of the two points where the Earths axi
4、s of rotation intersects its surface (the other being the Geographic North Pole). However, the Earths axis of rotation is actually subject to very small wobbles, so this definition is not adequate for very precise work; see Polar Motion for further information. 对于大多数用途而言，地理南极定义为两个点在地球的旋转轴相交的面南点（另一个是
5、地理北极）。然而，地球自转轴实际上是受到很小的“摇摆”，所以这个定义是不够严谨的工作；为进一步的信息极运动。 The geographic coordinates of the South Pole are usually given simply as 90S, since its longitude is geometrically undefined and irrelevant. When a longitude is desired, it may be given as 0. At the South Pole all directions face north. For this
6、 reason, directions at the Pole are given relative to grid north, which points northwards along the prime meridian. 南极的地理坐标通常是简单的90，自其经度是几何不明确的和不相关的。当一个经度是需要的，它可以被指定为0。在南极四面八方朝北。为此，在磁极方向给出相对于网格北”，指向北的本初子午线。 The Geographic South Pole is located on the continent of Antarctica (although this has not be
7、en the case for all of Earths history because of continental drift). It sits atop a featureless, barren, windswept, icy plateau at an altitude of 2,835 metres (9,301 ft) above sea level, and located about 1,300 km (800 mi) from the nearest open sea at Bay of Whales. The ice is estimated to be about
8、2,700 metres (9,000 ft) thick at the Pole, so the land surface under the ice sheet is actually near sea level. 地理南极位于南极大陆的（虽然这不是地球的全部历史的情况下，因为大陆漂移）。它坐落在一个毫无特色的，荒芜的，在寒冷的高原，海拔2835米（9301英尺）的海拔，和位于约1300公里（800英里）在鲸湾从最近的大海。冰约为2700米（9000英尺）在极厚，所以冰盖下的土地表面实际上是接近海平面的。 The polar ice sheet is moving at a rate o
9、f roughly 10 metres per year in a direction between 37 and 40 west of grid north, down towards the Weddell Sea. Therefore, the position of the station and other artificial features relative to the geographic pole gradually shifts over time. 极地冰盖的速度在37和40西北方的网格之间大约每年10米在一个方向移动，朝威德尔海。因此，该站的位置和其他人工特征相对
10、于地理极点逐渐随时间变化。 The Geographic South Pole is marked by a ceremony on New Years Day in which a small sign and American flag are moved, and newly revealed annual stake is placed in the ice pack, which are positioned each year to compensate for the movement of the ice. The sign records the respective dates that Roald Amundsen and Robert F. Scott reached the Pole, followed by a short quotation from each man, and gives the elevation as 2,835 metres (9,301 ft). The current stake has the position of the planets, sun, and moon on January 1, as well as a coppe
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