雨水刚过，许多地区就迎来了暴雪、冻雨，甚至还有霰雪。
霰，读xiàn，是一种颗粒状的小雪，颗粒比冰雹小，比雪花大，很像薯片里的干燥剂。
霰雪在不同的地区有不同的名字，比如米雪、雪霰、雪子、雪糁、雪豆子等等。
在英文里，霰雪有对应的专有名词：
graupel/ˈɡraʊ.pəl/
雪（snow）、霰雪（graupel）、冻雨（sleet）、冰雹（hail）是几种常见的降水形式，它们具体有什么不同呢？
snow
Snow forms mainly when water vapor(蒸气) turns to ice without going through the liquid stage. This process is called deposition(凝华). Snowflakes that most of us are used to seeing are not individual snow crystals, but are actually aggregates(聚集体), or collections, of snow crystals that stick or otherwise attach to each other.
雪主要是水蒸气未经过液态阶段直接变成冰而形成。这个过程被称为凝华。我们大多数人看到的雪花不是单独的雪晶，而是许多雪晶相互粘附或以其他方式附着的凝聚体或集合。
graupel
Graupelare soft, small pellets(颗粒状物) formed when supercooled water droplets (at a temperature below 0°C) freeze onto a snow crystal, a process called riming(结晶). If the riming is particularly intense, the rimed snow crystal can grow to an appreciablesize, but remain less than 0.2 inches. Graupel is also called snow pellets or soft hail, as the graupel particles(微粒) are particularly fragile and generally disintegrate(分解) when handled.
霰是一种柔软的小颗粒，由过冷的水滴（温度低于0摄氏度）冻结在雪晶上时形成，这个过程称为结晶。如果结晶强烈，结晶的雪晶可以长到非常大，但直径不会超过0.5厘米。霰也被称为雪丸或软雹，因为霰的颗粒特别脆弱，通常会在我们用手拿时分解。
appreciable adj 可观的
sleet
Sleet are small ice particles that form from the freezing of liquid water drops, such as raindrops. At ground level, sleet is only common during winter storms when snow melts as it falls and the resulting water refreezes into sleet prior to hitting the ground. In thunderstorms, sleet is possible above the melting level where cloud droplets become supercooled and may instantaneously(瞬间地) freeze when making contact with other cloud particles or debris(碎片), such as dust particles. Sleet is also called ice pellets.
冻雨是由液态水滴（如雨滴）冻结而成的小冰粒。在地面，冻雨只有在冬季风暴中常见，雪在降落过程中融化，融化形成的水在降落到地面之前重新冻结成冻雨。在雷暴天气中，当组成云的水滴过冷，与其他云的水滴或尘埃颗粒等接触时，可能会瞬间结冰，此时冻雨可能融化线以上形成。冻雨也称为冰丸。
hail
Hail is frozen precipitation(降水) that can grow to very large sizes through the collection of water that freezes onto the hailstone’s surface. Hailstones(冰雹，雹子) begin as embryos, which include graupel or sleet, and then grow in size. Hailstones can have a variety of shapes and include lumps and bumps that may even take the shape of small spikes. Hailstones must be at least 0.2 inches in size.
冰雹是冰冻的降水，冰雹可以通过表面结冰的水聚集而变得非常大。冰雹最初是霰雪或冻雨的胚胎，随后变大。冰雹可以有多种形状，包括块状和疙瘩状，甚至可能有小尖刺。冰雹的大小至少要达到0.5厘米。
用一个动词写“下雪”
你们那下霰了吗？
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